Sand

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100% PFAS

0% PFAS

Heat Exchanger

Air Emission

-98% PFAS

Removing PFAS From Municipal Sludge Gasification can remove or destroy at least 80% of PFAS in municipal sludge. Here’s how to get to 98%.

AIR

The facility in Edmonds dries dewatered solids       before sending them into a gasification and thermal oxidation unit.       The sandy solids       left over contain no detectable PFAS.

The overall process destroys or removes 80% of PFAS. Alternatively, adding GAC and RTO       can remove more than 98% of PFAS.

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Air from the dryer is fed into an air scrubber.       Of the total mass of PFAS originally measured in the incoming solids, 15% is transferred to the scrubber water.

5% PFAS

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DRYER AIR

POTABLE WATER

Heat from the system is recycled       to help power the process. The emissions from the flue stack       contain only 5% of the total mass of PFAS that was in the incoming solids.

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15% PFAS

RECYCLED HEAT

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-80% PFAS

Municipal Sludge From Wastewater Plant

Drying

SOLIDS

Air Scrubber

Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC)

(Dashed lines = presence of PFAS)

WATER

>65% TS

Gasification/Thermal Oxidation

HOT FLUE GAS

Regenerative Thermal Oxidation (RTO)